The menopause It is a transitional stage that marks the beginning of a new phase in women’s lives. In addition to the best known changessuch as hot flashes or mood changes, there are others that are less visible but just as important: vaginal health and the impact of the microbiome in this area. To understand how to take care of this essential part of your body, we have the help of the Dr. Mercedes Herrero, gynecologist, sexologist and collaborator of INTIMINA. We start with the most essential: what are we talking about when we treat the microbiome?
What is the vaginal microbiome?
The vaginal microbiome, although it does not always receive the attention it deserves, plays a fundamental role in your well-being. This community of microorganisms that lives in the vagina not only protects against infections, but also maintains the balance necessary to enjoy a full intimate life.
However, during menopause, the dDecreased estrogen levels alter that delicate balanceincreasing the risk of vaginal and urinary infections. As Dr. Herrero explains, understanding this process is key to being able to act and prevent possible discomfort.
Microbiome and microbiota: what are we talking about?
First, it is important to clarify the concepts. Although they are often used interchangeably, microbiome and microbiota do not mean the same thing. The microbiota refers exclusively to microorganisms that live in a specific area of the body, while the microbiome encompasses not only these microorganisms, but also their genetic material and the substances they produce. In the case of the vagina, we are talking about a dynamic ecosystem that varies according to life stages and that, during menopause, it undergoes important changes.
For example, the role of lactobacillibeneficial bacteria present in the vaginal microbiome, is especially relevant. These bacteria produce lactic acid, responsible for maintaining an acidic pH which hinders the proliferation of harmful microorganisms. However, cWith the fall of estrogen, its amount decreaseswhich can lead to recurrent infections such as candidiasis or bacterial vaginosis. This results in discomfort such as vaginal drynessirritation or recurring infections. Furthermore, as Dr. Herrero points out, these alterations not only influence physical health, but also the quality of life of many women.affecting their self-esteem and their intimate relationships.
Fortunately, being aware of these changes and taking steps to mitigate them can prevent them from happening. Adopt healthy habits, such as the use of specific hygiene products for the genital area and one balanced dietcan help keep the microbiome in good condition. It is also important consult with a gynecologist pto evaluate options such as vaginal moisturizers or local hormonal treatmentswhich can be of great help at this stage.
Symptoms that you should not ignore
If you notice changes in vaginal discharge, such as a strong odor, different color, or unusual consistencyit’s time to pay attention. Other symptoms such as itching, burning or irritation They can also be signs that the balance of your microbiome is altered. Do not ignore these signs because it could be vaginal dysbiosis.
In this regard, it is essential to take a proactive approach. As Dr. Herrero explains, recognizing the symptoms of vaginal dysbiosis, which is the technical term for imbalance in the vaginal flora, is the first step to act appropriately. This imbalance may be due to factors such as the use of aggressive soaps, sex without a condom or even stresswhich also affects the immune system.
Additionally, seeking medical help in time can prevent major complications and significantly improve your quality of life.
How to care for your vaginal microbiome during menopause
The microbiota is an ally for our vaginal health. Knowing it is the first step to taking care of it and maintaining the best balance.
- Avoid toxins: alcohol and tobacco.
- Take care of your diet: avoiding processed foods and free sugars. Increasing fresh vegetable products.
- Use hygiene products suitable for the genital area, with an acidic pH and without soap.
- Prevent the genitourinary syndrome of menopause: a fragile mucosa will be associated with an altered microbiota. Use appropriate vaginal moisturizers. Consider treatment with medications such as local estrogens, prasterone or ospemifene. The latter require a medical prescription.
- Use a condom during sporadic sexual relations, even if there is no risk of pregnancy.
- Maintain good hygiene of sex toys.
- Consider supplementing with probiotics if you are going to take antibiotics for any reason.
- Know the symptoms of dysbiosis, to remedy it as soon as possible.