Tensions in the Middle East do not cease. This Tuesday, Iran launched almost 200 ballistic missiles against Israel in response to the attacks in Lebanon and in revenge for the assassinations of Hezbollah and Hamas leaders. Shortly before, Spain, Egypt and the UN They made their positions clear on the conflict in accordance with the ground invasion of the Israeli Army against the southern Lebanese area: implement the Resolution 1701 of the United Nations Security Council. Türkiye, for its part, called the “occupation attempt” “illegal” and pointed out that the incursion “violates sovereignty and territorial integrity.” But, What is this treaty and what does it consist of?
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1701 is a agreement that was approved on August 11, 2006 and with which a solution was found to the conflict that existed then between Israel and Lebanon. Then, the hostilities, which had been in full swing for more than a month, were classified by the UN Security Council as a humanitarian catastrophe.
The conflict, called july warmainly affected Lebanon, northern Israel and the Golan Heightsthe main actors being the Israeli Army and Hezbollahas in current hostilities. The war began on July 12 when the Shia group launched rockets on Israeli border towns.
In the attacks, three Israeli soldiers were killed and two others were kidnapped, while five more colleagues died trying to rescue them. Hezbollah wanted Lebanese prisoners in Israel to be released, but the Jewish state responded with more bombs. It is believed that this conflict caused the death of between 1,191 and 1,300 Lebanese and 165 Israelis.
What does the agreement consist of?
The United Nations, since the beginning of the conflict, presented several proposals for a ceasefire without success. They also did USA and France on August 5, when they presented a draft resolution in which the end of all Hezbollah attacks was demanded and Israel was demanded to cease offensive operations, but the withdrawal of troops from Lebanese soil was not contemplated.
two days later Hezbollah put its conditions on the table. They would obey the resolution of the UN if it incorporated three amendments proposed by the Arab League: the complete withdrawal of Israeli troops from Lebanese soil; the inclusion of the Shebah Farms (22 square kilometer land disputed by both nations) as part of the negotiation issues; and a prisoner exchange between Hezbollah and Israel.
Finally a complete cessation of hostilities was agreed upon; the withdrawal of all Israeli forces from Lebanon and the deployment of UN forces (UNIFIL) in the south; a long term solution based on the disarmament of all armed groups in Lebanon (including Hezbollah); that there are no other armed forces other than UNIFIL and Lebanon (which implies Hezbollah and Israeli forces) south of the Litani River; and that there be no foreign forces in Lebanon without the consent of its Government.
Furthermore, the resolution emphasizes the importance of full control of Lebanon by its government and the need (at that time) for the unconditional release of the kidnapped Israeli soldiers, which gave rise to the crisis. It was also chosen full respect of the Blue Linea demarcation established by the United Nations on June 7, 2000 to confirm the withdrawal of Israeli forces from southern Lebanon and which serves as a border between both countries, and the independence of the territorial integrity, sovereignty and politics of Lebanon .
